This convergence of parties and the press was most evident between the turn of the nineteenth century and the Civil War, but it remained strong in many rural locations until the twentieth century. This difference is more than enough to swing an election outcome: in 2018, the U.S. House races in Minnesotas 1st district, Utahs 4th district and Illinoiss 13th district were all decided by less than that margin. #VoteLabour! As newspapers continue to close, these dynamics are likely to get worse. Matthew P. Hitt studies judgment and decision making in American political institutions. Jackson's presidency marked a major turning point in the history of media politics. In this situation, the local party newspapers were the only corporeal or institutional form that the parties had in many communities. @VotePhilWilson @bphillipsonMP @annaturley @JulieElliottMP @JennyChapman and more! Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1991. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). (2015, 19) 3. I am incredibly proud of HB and his work as a Local MP, Minister and Committee Chair - not least how he led the fight against a No-Deal Brexit - and is polite and courteous to everyone t.co/uKS4ze3anV", "Jewish Labour Movement volunteers were out canvassing in the cold today for @alexsobel in Leeds North West t.co/evw9Zu3q8M", "Labour voters in Winchester, St.Albans and Lewes - please don't waste your vote. We beg you. Encyclopedia.com. Pat one of the best MPs of the last Parliament. San Jose, California 95113 Various newspapers, organisations and individuals endorsed parties or individual candidates for the 2019 United Kingdom general election. Last month, staffers at The Daily Camera in Boulder, Colorado, experienced the latest low point in the American newspaper business: days after mourning the loss of their editor, Kevin Kaufman, their owner (the hedge-fund-owned Digital First Media) announced another round of painful layoffs. But i don't live there and so I will be voting for Labour. ", "This is unbelievable.. a Labour MP, three weeks before the election, who has absolutely no clue what his own party's position is on Brexit. Here's our Pluto General Election reading list: www.plutobooks.com/blog/2019-general-election-reading-list/ pic.twitter.com/BOj28AcxIC", "Communists for Labour victory and mass campaigning", "Welcome to the fight of our lives! At the same time, newspapers have seen a longtime source of financial stability and successadvertising dollarsdry up. #FinalSay t.co/oqt3g6Weco", "How do you STOP BORIS JOHNSON in #StIvesCornwall? Vote LibDem, Scot Nat, Plaid or Green. William Duane, Radical Journalist in the Age of Jefferson. Vote Not Tory on December 12th. Support Ali. The New York American Citizen, one of the new papers that appeared in the wake of the Sedition Act, editorialized that it could not be impartial in the battle between Adams's Federalists and Jefferson's Republicans: "If by impartiality, it is intended to convey an idea of equal attachment to aristocracy as to republicanism, then this paper rejects an impartiality so ruinous to the best interests of mankind.". And @SallyGimson given how the party treated you I think you're allowed! New York: Free Press, 1980. t.co/JlbMHrzZ4H", "I'm proud to have been part of the @MoreUnitedUK Network. Encyclopedia.com. t.co/nV9SgYjvQ6", "Only @ZoeFranklinLD can stop Boris Johnson's No Deal Brexit candidate in #Guildford. A subscription to a partisan newspaper, or regular readership of one in a tavern or reading room, was the only real form of party membership that existed in this age long before voter registration. #TruroAndFalmouth for @Jen4TruroAndFal with @cathleenc_: t.co/4mqXtATsOq #BarrowAndFurness for @ChrisAltree1 with @luke_myer: t.co/UIZRPOp0u6 Can't make it? Labour came second here last time round. People need to vote tactically to keep the local Tory out", "It's clear that the only way to stop the Tories is to vote tactically. To beat the Tories people need to #VoteTactically for @DavidGauke - our data at @remainutd shows he is the only candidate to back. t.co/iLfTrx7JCu t.co/AtWYvwyfZu", "Boris Johnson not changing his vulnerable seat of Uxbridge for another may well have been a tactical blunder. @LaylaMoran has been an excellent local MP and passionate campaigner for Remain. Contents 1Endorsements for Lots of greens going to vote Labour here! The local partisan press thus could be an avenue for relatively ordinary young men to pursue their political beliefs and ambitions. See alsoAlien and Sedition Acts; Democratic Republicans; Federalist Papers; Federalists; Newspapers; Printers . Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. The practice began in 1828 with a few pro- and anti-Jackson papers, including Truth's Advocate and Monthly Anti-Jackson Expositor, which spread the tale of Jackson's allegedly bigamous marriage that the president believed killed his wife. I'd rather vote Sturgeon | Suzanne Moore", "For years, we have been told that Brexit represents a threat to the Union. ", "Off to vote for @RupaHuq and not just because she's my sister-in-law, but because she fights like hell for Ealing and for the country", "Remain candidates refused to stand down and back Claire Wright", "Former MP predicts General Election win for independent Claire Wright", "Feeling let down by the Conservatives lurch to Brexit? That is #RealChange #GE2019 #VoteLabour t.co/BQbdQlcZKJ", "Back Labour, fight for Remain! The past few decades have been similarly tragic for American local media: longstanding newspapers, big and small, have closed in unprecedented numbers; Americans are turning away from local news sources and towards online and nationally televised programs to learn about politics; and even local television news is focusing on national partisanship and politics, as Sinclair Broadcasting acquires more affiliates. Unless something is done, our politics will likely become ever more contentious and partisan as the media landscape consolidates and nationalizes. Overview Understanding exactly the role that newspaper editors played in his campaigns, Jackson publicly expressed his gratitude to the newspapers that supported him by appointing at least seventy journalists to federal offices and allowing several key editors to play crucial roles in his administration. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1992. t.co/sOfASvXSgO", "Sheila Graber is voting Labour because she knows I will always stand up for the people of South Shields. Razem podziela wartoci Labour! t.co/mpRWwW4xAq", "Stockport's Labour MP for over 25 years throws support behind Lib Dem candidate", "I'm honoured to have the support of Steve Kemp, former General Secretary of the National Union of Mineworkers, in my bid to be re-elected as MP for Stoke-on-Trent North and Kidsgrove. Thousands of local newspapers have closed in recent years. Filed Under: Third Parties. However, the date of retrieval is often important. Vote Welsh Labour for #RealChange across all our communities on Thursday, 12 December. New York: Greenwood Press, 1987. Socialist Party", "Tories Out - Corbyn - In Fight for an independent socialist Scotland", "General election is chance to smash Brexit deadlock", "Corbyn's Programme Without The Working Class Taking Power Is A Reformist Fairytale", "Stop Brexit Build a Brighter Future: Liberal Democrat Manifesto 2019", "UKIP mocked after saying it will not stand full slate of election candidates", "Compass Recommends: Tactical Campaigning Hotspots | Compass", "All the target seats the People's Vote is highlighting for tactical voting", "Gordon (@cllrthomson) Moray (@MorayLaura) Banff and Buchan (@RobertsonPaulC) West Aberdeenshire (@Fergoodness) Orchil and South Perthshire (@MrJohnNicolson) Angus (@DaveDooganSNP) Aberdeen South (@StephenFlynnSNP)", "Below is why, with the @LibDems lies, I'm voting for a person who knows the area. The leading Revolutionaries firmly believed that newspapers were a crucial tool in their efforts to build opposition to the British in the 1760s and 1770s. ", "He is a very good MP but given how safe his seat is why not head north to Chipping Barnet and help @EmmaWhysall beat Theresa Villiers. Where to vote: t.co/XprdSQOArv Support our campaign: t.co/wO2iw6b3lH #GeneralElection19 #OperationMuslimVote19 t.co/NpjTyk02Cy", "Within our reach is a Britain that is not governed by Old Etonians, city boys and tax-dodgers. bit.ly/2XleQEy #TacticalVoting", "Vote Lib Dem in Kensington to stop the Tories", "VOTE 2019: Political big beasts give their backing to Dr Phillip Lee on eve of poll", "Former Tory MP backs Labour candidate for Lancaster and Fleetwood seat", "I went to support Hilary Benn in Leeds Central (and to celebrate his Birthday campaigning). One result not only to look out for, but to support if you can", "To Labour voters living in Richmond,Esher and Wokingham don't waste your vote. The National Gazette, which folded in 1793, set a precedent that would be followed again and again in the following century as politicians and parties looked to newspapers as their primary public champions in the bruising battles that followed the Jefferson-Hamilton split. To measure the effect of newspaper closures, we focused on split-ticket voting: when voters cast their ballot in favor of, for example, a presidential candidate from one party and a senatorial candidate from another. Help us: t.co/shZPpwAX5A t.co/ZlB39C658k", "John Woodcock backs Tory Barrow candidate over 'Corbyn's man', "If you live in #Battersea and you want to Stop Brexit and you don't fancy having a Tory MP who'll let Boris Johnson trash the country, PLEASE #VoteTactically for @MarshadeCordova. As Americans have shifted away from local news, turnout in state and local elections has fallen, and communities that have lost reporters have seen fewer candidates run for local office.5. The traditional business model that once supported local newspapersrelying on print subscribers and advertising to generate revenuehas become difficult to sustain as the audience for local news continues to shrink and advertising dollars disappear. Voted 54% for pro-EU Single Market parties in 2017. As newspapers have seen revenues from digital advertising grow in recent years, they have experienced a sharp decline in their total advertising revenues. He will NOT waver in his determination to get us out #genuinebrexiteer t.co/tWgDaCZ5km", "Really pleased my friend and former Labour MP @CatharineHoey came to Bournemouth West to advise Labour voters who support getting Brexit done to vote for me on Thursday in this constituency. This election will be the biggest tactical voting operation our country has ever seen. WebNewspapers filled the party system's many gaps, providing a fabric that held the parties together between elections and conventions, connected voters and activists to the larger Funny intit? @schooltruth and I heading there via a bit of @lucianaberger helping. Tax offsets for eligible production expenditures incurred by newsrooms could help defray the costs associated with original reporting. It doesn't. And, as the digital age has facilitated the emergence of a greater number of national news sources and highly specialized outlets, the reach of local news has diminished. Create your free account or Sign in to continue. t.co/D5pEcWatqV", "This election is not a #Brexit election this is about a 5 year term@of office and if you fall for the Tory spin you will end up with retirement at 75 more foodbanks more homeless more poverty more injustice more discrimination we need real change we need a #Labour Governmentpic.twitter.com/09VS6znjbl", "Vote Labour. I'm proud to support her and call her my friend. Died October 29, 1911 Similar observations could be made not just about parties, but about political associations of all kinds, including religious groups, moral reform movements, ethnic communities, and even the Cherokee Nation. Best wishes for the next series of Line of Duty. Please sign and share. Discovering the News: A Social History of American Newspapers. She's not my local MP but at a time when we're losing too many good women from frontline politics we really need to keep this one. Called on voters to write "world socialism" on their ballot outside the two constituencies contested. BENNETT, JAMES GORDON Edited by James Horn, Jan Ellen Lewis, and Peter S. Onuf. Cole, Donald B. Fax: (408) 938-7766 t.co/CB9StHStfR", "Ex-Labour adviser Alastair Campbell tells ITV News he'll campaign for ex-Tory MP David Gauke to get second EU referendum", "ELECTION 2019: Inside David Gauke's bid to stop Brexit and Boris Johnson", "Lib Dem's friends: you know what to do t.co/aVhLdFw7I0", "I really hope Labour, Lib-Dem and Decent Tory voters in South West Hertfordshire return their Independent MP @DavidGauke . These counties were statistically indistinguishable from the counties that did experience a newspaper closure on a host of important variables: population, income, education, broadband penetration, racial demographics, and more. These new journals were sold on the street rather than only by subscription, at a much lower price point that allowed sales of hundreds of thousands copies. A temporary exemption from antitrust laws would give news publishers the ability to collectively negotiate with large online platforms and create a fairer, more balanced relationship between publishers and platforms. Vote Labour. Save Your Local Newspaper, Audible reckoning: How top political podcasters spread t.co/sjCm189P76", "Delighted to be endorsed by @Femi_Sorry. Meanwhile, news consumers have become less inclined to follow local sources of news, instead preferring to read, listen, and watch content from outlets focused on national news coverage. I'll be voting tactically again. #labourdoorstep @UKLabour t.co/82Qva50djQ", "Let's make this the election where women get heard. The polarized electorate will continue to turn towards nationalized, partisan media outlets unless local news makes a comeback. Unlike the media of the late-twentieth- and early-twenty-first centuries, early American newspapers usually did not claim to be "fair and balanced," especially after the Alien and Sedition Acts. t.co/whqqRA0pkQ", "Very pleased to be out canvassing for the excellent - and very Remain-ey - MP for Bermondsey and Old Southwark, @coyleneil. For me, I'll be voting for @BrendanOHaraSNP here in Helensburgh, to ensure the Tories stay out. Vote Labour.uk.reuters.com/article/uk-britain-election-poll-icm/johnsons-conservatives-see-lead-over-labour-narrow-to-7-points-icm-poll-idUKKBN1XZ22D ", "Unions tell Labour it got it wrong and it's time to move on from Remain", "Soldarity Trade Union - 25/11/2019 - Unions line up behind Labour Manifesto", "The difference is, if Labour wins, a few people will get a bit annoyed. I voted tactically in 2017 to help unseat a Tory. Firmly believing that their political beliefs were right and the other party's was wrong, editors refused to run their newspapers as though those differences did not matter: the press was too powerful a medium to allow evil ideas to pass through it unchallenged. Sloan, William David. We found no differences this time, indicating that the loss of the paper itself likely caused the changes we observed in voting behavior. The only possible answer is given by PM Jim Hacker in the immortal TV series Yes, Prime Minister(1986) in conversation with his Cabinet Secretary By the 1830s, journalists were starting to run for office in their own right. t.co/488vTleuvb", "So many Conservatives I know feel this way. - @Femi_Sorry #GE2019 t.co/cdisIqr3Cx", "I was in Bristol North West to help @darrenpjones I don't know an MP more efficient! Do us a favour here and vote #LibDem. If the Tories win, a lot of people will get a lot dead", "Stormzy and Akala among ten musicians who sign letter endorsing Jeremy Corbyn", "Eddie Izzard visits Rhyl in support of Labour's Chris Ruane", "General election: Celebrities reveal who they're backing", "People are passionate about politics again and they want radical solutions", "Dua Lipa urges followers to vote Labour in general election", "A list of the celebrities backing Labour in today's general election", "Stars rally behind Corbyn as 'last stand' for England", "Miriam Margolyes: Labour saving NHS more important than Brexit and antisemitism", "40 celebrities write open letter backing Labour in the election - see the list", "I'll take Labour dithering over Conservative cruelty any day | George Monbiot", "Boris Johnson wants to destroy the Britain I love. We then measured the percentage of votes cast for the Democratic and Republican candidates for president and Senate in every American county, allowing us to compare the level of split-ticketing in newspaper closure counties to the level in areas that had not experienced a closure. I'm urging everyone to vote for @AndrewHWestern. Because each style has its own formatting nuances that evolve over time and not all information is available for every reference entry or article, Encyclopedia.com cannot guarantee each citation it generates. (2016) 2. Web6. Thanks for reading Scientific American. #GE2019 @Femi_Sorry t.co/0eO8OF5oML", "Vote for Phillip Lee in Wokingham to OUST John Redwood! Vote @Deanneferguson", "Getting a majority is just one consideration, @AndreaJenkyns has been a shining a light of our cause. I'm lending my vote to @StephenGethins #GreensForGethins #VoteSNP", "I've had a few people ask me why, when I am fiercely remain, I would support Labour locally. Locally-oriented journalists may need to experiment with novel business models, such as the online-only Colorado Sun, in order to survive. Founder of one of the most extensive newspaper empir, 50 W. San Fernando Street, Suite 1500 1/3 t.co/WiGfaYcqNq", "Luciana Berger aims to win over Remainers, one lounge at a time", "If I lived in North London I'd vote for Luciana Berger. Independent. If people want to fight back against the polarization that has infected our politics, part of the answer may be on their doorstep. Only by voting tactically in constituencies like St Albans can we deny Johnson the Brexit majority he craves. Speaker of the House Henry Clay tried to start his own Washington paper but failed, relying instead on a network of papers back home in the Ohio Valley and the partial support of the National Intelligencer, the major organ of the Jefferson and Madison administrations. Check how to #TacticalVote on Thursday to stop Boris Johnson in your area: t.co/l8EjW98wpl t.co/xsBDB1gkEX", ". Our scholarship identifies areas in need of reform and proposes specific solutions to improve governance worldwide, but with a particular emphasis on the United States. This is a seat where I have to put country before party and therefore recommend voting Conservative", "Sinn Fein have declared their support for Lady Hermon. It's going to be a good one! ", "WATCH | Bishop Auckland MP @HelenGoodmanMP is trying to trick her 61% Leave-voting seat into thinking she hasn't been trying to stop Brexit. In 1850 about 10 percent of the adult population in the United States subscribed to one of the 254 daily newspapers, which, Pulitzer, Joseph Outside of election time, the party organizations themselves consisted of little more than the citizens, politicians, and newspapers that supported them. Explain the role of political parties in a democracy. ", "Progress can follow firm anti-Brexit vote", "Comment: Vote for Boris Corbyn is unfit to lead Britain", "Voice of the Echo: General Election 2019", "The Londoner: Stars show their political stripes", "Labour voters should back Johnson - ex Labour MP", "Arron Banks backs Boris in blow to Farage", "Ukip AM quits to back Boris Johnson's Brexit deal - leaving the party with just one member in the Senedd", "Who to vote for in the general election, according to celebrities", "Brexit Party founder forced to resign over Islamophobic comments endorses Boris Johnson's Tories", "Who celebrities are voting for in the 2019 general election", "Brexiteers shouldn't vote for the Brexit party", "Why Farage's Brexit Party election strategy was always doomed", "Humiliation for Nigel Farage as four Brexit Party MEPs quit to back Conservatives", "The peculiar leafleting antics of IDS and what it says about Tory tactics", "General election latest news: Jeremy Corbyn branded 'unfit to lead' by four senior ex-Labour MPs, who tell voters to back Boris Johnson", "I trust Boris Johnson to win 50-seat majority at general election Bernard Ingham", "Calling working-class Tories traitors won't make us vote Labour", "Tommy Robinson endorses Boris Johnson to be prime minister", "Today's Labour Party is nothing like that of Clement Attlee. This is a serious public problem; those who read, listen, and watch the news are not just consumers, but citizens that rely on news publishers to meet the demands of living in a democracy. Like everything else in American life, newspaper politics was severely affected by the industrial and corporate revolution that began during the 1830s and 1840s and reached its peak at the turn of the twentieth century. Formal party institutions like national conventions and committees were late innovations. (In fact, they were opposed to political parties in general.) We can be rid of Goldsmith, Raab, Redwood, IDS, Baker and Phillip Davies if you vote tactically. If you live in Putney and your aim is to #StopBoris and stop Brexit then you must cast a tactical vote for Labour! Martin Van Buren's Bucktail faction eventually won the state back, partly through assiduous efforts to develop a Bucktail newspaper network. We need more MPs who will work across Party lines to find common ground. I would definitely vote @Keir_Starmer @BenPBradshaw but not the current axis of power. Authors analysis of data from the UNCs Center for Innovation and Sustainability in Local Medias Database of Newspapers and the Census Bureaus Population Estimates Program. #VoteTactically. All news outlets have a bias; be it left, right or center. The business model is: the more eyeballs you get the more you get paid. In the past jou Very pleased to support Julia as the best challenger to the Tories here in #Broxbourne. While it became common in the late century to complain about the news media inserting itself into the political process rather than just observing it, this complaint would have been nonsensical in the early American Republic. Secretary of the Treasury William Crawford had the Washington Gazette in his camp, in addition to several of the most widely read papers in other regions, including the New York National Advocate and Thomas Ritchie's Richmond Enquirer, the "national" newspaper of the South. t.co/nw0nkLSmSe", "A vote for the planet means a vote for Labour or the Greens | George Monbiot", "Stormzy and Kano join other Grime4Corbyn artists to sign letter backing Labour", "The Cause of Labour Is the Hope of the World", "Exclusive: New letter supporting Jeremy Corbyn signed by Roger Waters, Robert Del Naja and more", "Letter: We stand with Jeremy Corbyn just as he always stood with us", "Who the biggest names in showbiz are voting for in the general election", "UK Election: Hugh Grant, Steve Coogan, John Cleese & Alan Sugar Among Celebrities To Wade In Ahead Of December 12 Vote", "More musicians pledge their support to Labour and Jeremy Corbyn", "#Grime4Corbyn relaunch in unexpected boost for Labour", "Jeremy Corbyn's UK spending blitz wins backing from economists", "The UK's failing economic model demands such bold ideas", "Coogan and Klein lead cultural figures backing Corbyn and Labour", "Vote for hope and a decent future | Letter", "Rob Delaney calls NHS 'pinnacle of human achievement' in pro-Labour video", "Danny DeVito backs Jeremy Corbyn in next election: 'I'm a big fan', "Glastonbury founder Michael Eavis urges festival fans to vote Labour in election", "I've seen @UKLabour in a much better place but after much careful consideration I will still be voting for them . thanks for all the support for our expansion plans @RobertJenrick @Lee4NED @MartinThacker8 I just hope they don't get scuppered by an anti business Labour Government! #Oxwab", "In Oxford West and Abingdon, the only way to defeat the Conservatives is to vote Liberal Democrat and return Layla Moran. 2019Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. Imagine unseating Johnson?! #GE2019 @Femi_Sorry t.co/LimEdwz45N", "Guildford Labour folk should lend the Lib Dems their vote here to keep out the Tory. A popular biography and song ("The Hunters of Kentucky") about his war exploits first brought Jackson to prominence, and Pennsylvania newspaper editors John McFarland and Stephen Simpson invented Jackson as a serious presidential candidate in 1823. Yet despite their experience rousing the rabble with newspapers and pamphlets, the founders do not seem to have envisioned agitprop as the future of the American press. (1863-1951) Endorsements in the 2019 United Kingdom general election, Parties only contesting some constituencies, Endorsements in individual constituencies, However, the local Green Party issued a statement saying that it was not advising people how to vote, Associated Society of Locomotive Engineers and Firemen, Union of Shop, Distributive and Allied Workers, Newspaper endorsements in the 2010 United Kingdom general election, 2010 United Kingdom general election (endorsements), Endorsements in the 2015 United Kingdom general election, Endorsements in the 2017 United Kingdom general election, "Solid manifesto puts Boris in driving seat - EXPRESS COMMENT", "What the papers say about the 2019 general election", "Voice of the Mirror: Vote Labour to protect NHS, end poverty and for a kinder Britain", "Telegraph View: Vote Conservative to move our country forward", "Britain's fateful election offers no good choices", "The Guardian view on general election 2019: A fleeting chance to stop Boris Johnson in his tracks | Editorial", "General election 2019: The future of the UK is at stake and our choices are stark now it's over to you", "Tactical voting could still put the brakes on populism", "Editorial: Labour's manifesto: ambitious, radical and necessary for Britain", "The Times's endorsement for the general election: Back to the Future- The country faces a choice between a party that can deliver Brexit and one that will deliver economic mayhem. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2004. Sarah can! The BBC is facing a difficult post-election comedown as it reckons with widespread criticism from both the Conservative government who accuse it of anti On a more concrete level, the antebellum parties were almost non-existent, despite the fact that they competed fiercely in every town, county, and state. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1996. t.co/bSC3UUN57T", "Vote Labour in Uxbridge and rid us of the toxic, self serving, arrogant, over privileged liar who feels above the law and will destroy our NHS, social care, schools, rights t.co/5mYqvB2RlL", "hey uxbridge gang, want to unseat a prime minister who refuses to address the climate crisis? Therefore it's crucial that all unionists in North Down not only get registered to vote, but turn out on 12th December to vote for Alex Easton who opposes an economic United Ireland. The swamp is draining! It's bad the parties won't work together", "If you want to stop the most mendacious PM in modern history, vote Labour in Kensington t.co/fijRMiOwro", "What the fuck? By and large: The Guardian leans heavily to the left( Liberal and Labour. The Daily Mirror is solid Labour. The Sun, principally Conservative. The #GE2019 t.co/DPiGdXXdw1", "Last visit of the day in Hertfordshire South West. Voters in communities that have experienced a newspaper closure are less likely to split their vote between the two major political parties, contributing to national political polarization.6 And, with local news struggling to survive and compete with national news outlets for consumers attention, partisan reporting and coverage of national partisan conflict has come to dominate news consumers diets. Websf giants highest paid players. Each printer needed to supply relatively little original material himself, but anything he did originate had a potentially large audience extending far beyond his local area. Their disappearance has left millions of Americans without a vital source of local news and deprived communities of an institution essential for exposing wrongdoing and encouraging civic engagement. The Press of the Young Republic, 17831833. (with thanks to @Monicabeharding & @faizashaheen) t.co/6gOMqJpgmI", "#ChippingBarnet: Voted 59% against Brexit in 2016.